Observe

Light pollution is the introduction of artificial light into the outdoor environment. Its impacts are many. Light pollution disrupts natural diurnal patterns of light and dark and the rhythms of life to which plants, animals, and humans have adapted, interrupting circadian sleep cycles, interfering with normal plant growth and disturbing the habitat of nocturnal wildlife. Light pollution interferes with the ability to view and observe the the night sky, stars, and planets. It causes light trespass, which is the nuisance spillage of light from one property onto another, risking the conflict between neighbors. It can cause safety hazards, such as glare and temporary blindness, for drivers. Light pollution wastes energy, causing associated adverse environmental and economic impacts. Night lighting for surveillance can actually increase security risks. Although exterior lighting can create a perception of safety, research has shown that night lighting m...

Architecture has the same basic principles which are common to painting, sculpture, music, and literature. It deals with unity, balance, rhythm, and composition. It is organized around a central plot, as in a novel. It can be rhythmic as the dance. A painting has a contrast of color, and a fine piece of sculpture has the beauty of form and line. Good architecture attains pleasing composition through the relation of contrasting masses and tones. It is difficult to isolate a single quality and consider it alone. A synthesis of all the principles is necessary in order to ensure a unified and satisfactory composition, but for the sake of study, it will be necessary to analyze separately these qualities and their application to architectural problems. The mere recognition of these principles does not, however, ensure a successful design. An individual may be a good critic but still be unable to write a poem, paint a landscape, or design a building. Creative ability, in addition to ...

Every day, we interact with thousands of consumer products. As users, we expect these products, no matter how simple or complex, to perform their expected functions in a safe, reliable, and efficient manner. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, as designing consumer products that satisfy human needs and expectations are not an easy task. The design the process that involves the application of human factors and ergonomics principles and knowledge strives to achieve the above goals and, at the same time, reduce the risk of product malfunction or failure, reduce  the potential for accidents, and contribute to overall product acceptance and utility, all while reducing the total product life cycle cost. ergonomics is a unique and far-reaching discipline that focuses on the nature of human–artifact interactions, which are viewed from a unified perspective on science, engineering, design, technology, and management of human-compatibility systems. The ergono...